近红外光谱技术在微生物检测中的应用进展

近红外光谱作为一种无损检测技术被广泛应用于农业、制药、食品等领域的多组分品质快速监测。微生物的快速准确检测，在临床诊断、制药和食品加工等领域一直是一个难题。微生物菌体细胞壁、细胞膜及细胞内生物大分子和水的近红外光谱具有高度特异性，因此可以使用近红外光谱快速识别和分类不同的微生物。通过对相关文献的归纳整理与分析提炼，对近红外光谱技术在微生物检测中的研究进展做综述。对微生物的基本知识和近红外光谱技术鉴定微生物的基本原理进行了介绍，并重点综述了近红外光谱技术在微生物分类、食源性微生物检测和成像微生物检测等方面的国内外研究进展，最后对近红外光谱技术目前存在的问题和未来的应用前景进行了展望，以期为今后在微生物检测领域更好地利用近红外光谱提供参考。

Advances in Detection of Microorganisms Using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy

Near-infrared spectroscopy(NIRs)has been widely applied to rapid multi-component quality monitoring in the field of agriculture,pharmaceutical and food as a nondestructive testing method.Rapid and accurate detection of microbes is a challenging issue in clinical diagnosis,pharmaceutical and food processing technology.Biomacromolecules and water existing in cell walls,membranes and cells of microorganisms possess highly specific NIR spectra that can distinguish,identify and classify different microbes.In this paper,the research progress of NIRs in microorganism detection was reviewed by summarizing,sorting,analyzing and refining published literature.We first briefly introduced basic knowledge of microbiology and the fundamental NIRs for microbial detection.Then research progress at home and abroad of NIRs on microbe classification,foodborne microbial detection and microbial imaging detection was reviewed respectively.Finally,the existing problems and future application prospects of NIRs were also discussed to provide a reference for better use of NIRs in the field of microbial detection in the future.