某头孢制药废水的水质指纹特征

荧光光谱与水样一一对应，被称为“水质指纹”。水质指纹可指示污染的出现，是新型水质预警方法。头孢类抗生素是国内外使用最多的抗感染药物，环境危害较大。我国头孢类药物的生产量在逐年增加。因此，研究头孢类废水的荧光指纹特征对监测该类废水的排放、保护水生生态环境具有重要的意义。本文研究了某头孢制药废水的水质指纹特征。该废水的水纹上有6个峰，按发射波长可以分为两组，第一组峰的激发波波长/发射波波长分别在230/350，275/350，315/350 nm附近，第二组分别在225/405，275/410和330/420 nm附近。激发波波长/发射波波长在230/350 nm处的水纹峰强度最强。在同一组中，激发波长越小的峰的强度越大。pH明显影响头孢废水水纹中峰的位置和强度。随pH上升，第一组峰的强度会减少，产生荧光淬灭;第二组峰的强度增大，属于荧光增敏现象。这可能与废水中含有带碱性基团和酸性基团的荧光有机物有关。因为有机弱酸或弱碱的分子及其相应的离子就会在水中同时存在，而这两种形式由于空间结构的差异，发光性能上也可能差异显著。当pH变化时，造成了水中这两种型体的比例会发生变化，从而导致荧光光谱的形状和强度的改变。综上所述，该头孢制药废水具有独特的水质指纹特征。该水质指纹特征可作为水体中快速识别该制药废水存在的新方法。

Fingerprint Properties of Cephalosporin Pharmaceutical Wastewater

Fluorescence spectrum is unique for each water sample ,and is called“aqueous fingerprint” .Aqueous fingerprint could indicate the contamination in water and thus is a new technology for early warning .Cephalosporin is one of the most commonly used antibiotics worldwide yet with environmental hazards .The production of cephalosporin in China is growing every year . Therefore ,the study of aqueous fingerprint of cephalosporin pharmaceutical wastewater is significantly important for both moni‐toring the discharge of pharmaceutical wastewater and protecting the aquatic environment .In this study we investigated the properties of water fingerprint of cephalosporin pharmaceutical wastewater .There existed 6 peaks in the fingerprints .According to the emission wavelength ,these peaks could be divided into two groups :the first group included the peaks locating at excita‐tion wavelength/emission wavelength of 230/350 ,275/350 ,315/350 nm and the second group consisted of the peaks locating at excitation wavelength/emission wavelength of 225/405 ,275/410 and 330/420 nm respectively .The highest intensity was found at excitation wavelength/emission wavelength of 230/350 nm .In each group ,the fluorescence intensity of the peaks with shorter excitation wavelength is higher .pH could significantly change the position and intensity of the peaks .When pH rose ,the peak intensity of first group decreased and that of the second group increased .The intensity decrease is called fluorescence quenching and the intensity increase is called fluorescence sensitizing .The sensitizing and quenching was probably related to the fluores‐cence organic components with acid and alkaline radical groups in the wastewater .Because if a fluorescent substance contains weak acid or base groups ,both the molecular configuration and ionic configurations exist in the solution at the same time .The spatial structure of these configurations are different .This makes the luminescent properties of the configurations different . When pH changes ,the ratio of molecular configuration and ionic forms also changes ,which causes the change of location and in‐tensity of the fluorescence peaks .Above all ,the properties of aqueous fingerprint of cephalosporin pharmaceutical wastewater is distinct and distinguishable .The properties of aqueous fingerprint can be used as a novel tool to identify the appearance of cepha‐losporin pharmaceutical wastewater .