二维相关谱在环境科学中的应用与展望

近年来，随着世界经济的快速发展，大量有害物质排放到环境中，全球环境问题日益严重。光谱检测分析技术由于其快速、便捷、可实现实时现场原位分析检测的特点，已经广泛的应用于水质、大气和土壤环境的检测分析。环境系统是一个开放复杂的体系，容易受到很多因素的影响，常规一维光谱技术难以从复杂的环境体系中提取感兴趣组分的特征信息。二维相关谱技术表征的是随特定外扰变化的信息，不仅能提取复杂环境中微弱的、被覆盖的特征光谱信息，而且还可以提供这些特征信息之间的关系。在综述二维相关谱技术近些年新发展的基础上，详细介绍了该技术在水、土壤和空气环境分析中的应用，其中包括水中农药残留、水中有机污染物定性定量分析、海洋黏液物质和海洋泡沫的形成机理；土壤中有机污染物定量分析、土壤污染物修复吸附机理；大气中气溶胶形成机理，污染气体定性定量分析。最后，详细介绍了二维相关谱在环境中有机质分子特性及与其他金属离子相互作用机理研究中的应用，指出二维相关谱在环境科学领域研究中具有广阔的应用前景。

Application and Prospect of Two-Dimensional Correlation Spectroscopy in Environmental Science

In recent years, with the rapid development of world economy, a large number of harmful substances are discharged into the environment, and the global environmental problems are becoming increasingly serious. Spectroscopic methods have been widely used in the detection and analysis of water quality, atmosphere and soil environment due to their speed, simplicity for real-time, in-situ field analysis. However, the environment system is an open and complex system, which is easily affected by many factors, so it is difficult to extract the characteristic information of the interesting components from the complex environment system based on the conventional one-dimensional spectroscopy. Two-dimensional (2D) correlation spectroscopy, which presents characteristic spectral information changes in response to the special external, can not only extract the weak and covered spectral information in the complex environment, but also provide the relationship between these peaks. On the basis of a review of the new development of 2D correlation spectroscopy in recent years, the application of the technology in the analysis of water, soil and atmosphere environment was introduced in detail, including pesticide residues in water, qualitative and quantitative analysis of organic pollutants in water, the formation mechanism of marine mucus and foam. the quantitative analysis of organic pollutants in soil, the mechanism of repairing and adsorption for soil pollutants；the formation mechanism of aerosol in atmosphere, and the qualitative and quantitative analysis of polluted gases. Finally, it was introduced in detail that the application of 2D correlation spectroscopy to the study of the molecular characteristics of organic matter and the interaction mechanism with other metal ions in the environment. It was pointed out that 2D correlation spectroscopy has broad application prospects in the field of environmental science.