线胀系数的视频在线光干涉法测量研究

实验室测量金属的线胀系数普遍采用的是光杠杆法,经实验证明光杠杆法存在偶然误差大、测量精度低、占地空间大等问题,通过利用劈尖的等厚干涉法能够很好地解决光杠杆法存在的问题.新方法具有温升范围小、加热功率低、测量精度高、操作简单直观、占地空间小等优点,便于实际教学中教师的讲解、示教和演示,有利于学生综合应用知识,提高综合设计实验的能力.

STUDY ON THE MEASURING METHOD OF EQUAL THICKNESS INTERFERENCE IN EXPERIMENT OF LINEAR EXPANSION COEFFICIENT

Optical lever method is commonly used to measure the linear expansion coefficient of metal in laboratory. Experiments have proved it has a lot of disadvantages such as the inevi- table accidental error, the low precision of measurement, and the large space needed. These problems can be solved through the method of equal thickness interference of a wedge. This new method has many advantages such as small range of temperature growing, low heating power, high measuring accuracy, easy operation, small space occupation, and so on. It is con- venient for teachers to explain, teach, and display in practical teaching. And it is good for students to apply their knowledge comprehensively, and improve their ability of comprehen- sive experiment design.