Assessment of Effects of Concomitant Exposure to Sound,Heat, and Physical Workload Changes on Physiological Parameters in Five Different Combination Modes,a Controlled Laboratory Study |
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| Authors: | Hossein Molaeifar Farahnaz Khajehnasiri Kiana Nikeghbal Zahra Zamanian |
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| Institution: | 1 Department of Occupational Health, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran2 Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran3 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran |
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| Abstract: | Exposure to sound, heat, and increased physical workload can change
physiological parameters. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of
concomitant exposure to sound, heat, and physical workload changes on physiological parameters in controlled laboratory conditions. This experimental crosssectional study was conducted in 35 male university students with a mean age
of 25.75 years and a mean BMI of 22.69 kg/m2
. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure and heart rate were measured after 15 min rest in the laboratory, 5 and 10 min
after starting the experiment, and then after 20 min in controlled laboratory conditions in five combination modes. The combination modes were (Sound: 65 dB,
WBGT: 22°C, Speed: 1.7, Slope: 10%), (Sound: 65 dB, WBGT: 22°C, Speed:
3.4, Slope: 14%), (Sound: 95 dB, WBGT: 22°C, Speed: 1.7, Slope: 10%), (Sound:
65 dB, WBGT: 32°C, Speed: 1.7, Slope: 10%), and (Sound: 95 dB, WBGT: 32°C,
Speed: 3.4, Slope: 14%). Mixed model analysis and paired t-test were applied for
analysis. The results showed that the mean physiological parameters (Systolic and
diastolic blood pressure and heart rate) increased when different combination
modes worsened (Sound from 65 to 95 dB, WBGT from 22°C to 32°C, speed
from 1.7 to 3.4, and slope from 10% to 14%, and when sound: 95 dB, WBGT:
32°C, Speed: 3.4, and Slope: 14%). Moreover, the mean changes of systolic
and diastolic blood pressure were significant in all conditions when compared
with the reference condition (Sound: 65 dB, WBGT: 22°C, Speed: 1.7, and Slope:
10%). The mean heart rate changes were also significant except for exposure to
the second condition (Sound: 65 dB, WBGT: 22°C, Speed: 3.4, Slope: 14%)
and the third condition (Sound: 95 dB, WBGT: 22°C, Speed: 1.7, Slope: 10%).
Exposure to hazardous levels of sound, heat, and workload has adverse effects
on physiological parameters. Concomitant exposure to all three hazards has a
synergistic effect and increases the adverse effect. |
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| Keywords: | Concomitant exposure sound heat physical workload physiological parameters |
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