The processes of lithium ions intercalating into benzene pyrolytic decomposition carbon

The pyrolytic decomposition of benzene was carried out to manufacture the higly pure disordered carbon (BPDC) which could be used as the anode in nonaqueous secondary lithium batteries. Several electrochemical experiments such as cyclic voltammetry, linear polarization and galvanostatic polarization were carried out to investigate the mechanism of the intercalation of lithium ions into this material. The results show that the diffusion of lithium ions in the lattice of BPDC and the low rate intercalation reaction on the carbon surface are two factors that control the intercalation rate. Two intercalation steps which were not found in graphite were discovered for BPDC, the first is due to the interaction between Li⁺ and the energy trap in the BPDC which is caused by the disordered structure and the second step corresponds to intercalation into the regular structure of carbon. Some kinetic parameters were calculated.