5083铝合金光纤激光-TIG复合焊接工艺研究

采用IPG YLS-6000光纤激光器和Fronius MagicWave3000job数字化焊机,对4mm厚5083H116铝合金进行了复合焊接试验。研究了电源特性、电流大小和热源间距等工艺参数对光纤激光-钨极惰性气体保护焊(TIG)复合焊接焊缝成形的影响规律,并分析了焊接接头的缺陷、显微硬度及力学性能。结果表明,光纤激光-TIG复合焊接5083铝合金,能够明显改善焊缝成形,提高焊接过程稳定性,特别是与变极性TIG电弧复合效果更为显著;光纤激光与变极性TIG电弧复合焊接,采用激光在前的方式,电弧电流150A,且热源间距不大于4mm,可以得到具有明亮金属光泽和均匀鱼鳞纹的焊缝,焊缝无气孔和裂纹缺陷,其表面有少量的下凹;复合焊接接头抗拉强度为318MPa,达到母材强度的93%,延伸率为7.6%,高于单光纤激光焊接,断口分析为韧性断裂。

Fiber laser-TIG hybrid welding process of 5083 aluminum alloy

An IPG YLS-6000 fiber laser and a Fronius MagicWave3000job digital welding machine are used in fiber laser-tungsten inert gas (TIG) hybrid welding. The experiment is carried out on the aluminum alloy 5083H116 with a thickness of 4 mm. The effects of characteristic of power source, arc current and distance between heat sources on weld shape of hybrid welding are studied. The welding defect, microhardness and mechanical properties of welded joints are analyzed. The results show that, weld formation is improved while using fiber laser-TIG hybrid welding, especially with variable polarity TIG arc. A good weld can be obtained when the distance between heat sources is less than 4 mm, the arc current is 150 A, and the welding mode is laser leading (LL) arc style. The weld has few pores and no cracks, and the surface is bright and uniform only with a little sag. The tensile strength of hybrid-welded joint is up to 318 MPa, about 93% of base metal, and the joint elongation is 7.6%; both are higher than those in fiber laser welding. The tensile fracture is ductile.