轨道式多间隙气体开关设计与性能测试

针对直线脉冲变压器对低电感、低抖动气体开关的研制需要，采用垂直布放的平板轨道电极，组成具有通视结构的水平间隙，设计了一种多间隙轨道式气体开关。利用Meek击穿判据计算了单间隙自击穿电压，实测了4个单间隙的自击穿电压及其相对标准偏差，并根据单间隙自击穿电压，利用概率分析方法预测了多间隙开关自击穿电压，计算值与实测结果一致。研究表明:开关电感最大约109 nH，自击穿电压相对标准偏差为1.5%，在60 kV触发电压和48%~74%欠压比下，开关抖动0.9~2.6 ns。与圆环形电极的多间隙气体开关相比，多间隙轨道式气体开关自击穿电压更稳定，也更容易触发。

Design of multi-gap rail gas switch and its performance test

A four-gap, rail gas switch for fast linear transformer drivers (LTDs) has been developed to be of low jitter and low inductance, by using four horizontal gaps constructed by rail electrodes. The electric field of the switch and the hold-off voltage of the single gap of 8 mm were calculated by using electric field numerical simulation and Meeks Criterion analysis, respectively. A probability analysis method, for predicting self-breakdown voltages of a switch consisting of several gaps in series, is put forward. The calculated self-breakdown voltages were in agreement with the experimental results. The switch inductance of no more than 109 nH provides the LTD brick a measured inductance of 290 nH. The relative standard deviation of self-breakdown voltage is about 1.5%. Under a 60 kV forward voltage pulse, the switch with 48%-74% voltage ratio has a close jitter of 0.9-2.6 ns. Compared with a previously developed switch with toroidal electrodes, the rail gas switch has a lower trigger voltage and self-breakdown stability while operating at the same voltage ratio.