不同轨道结构下电枢电流分布特性

解决轨道和电枢的烧蚀问题是六极轨道电磁发射器走向实际应用的关键环节，引起轨道和电枢烧蚀的原因之一就是轨道和电枢中电流分布不均匀。利用有限元仿真软件Ansoft Maxwell对三种不同轨道进行仿真，得到了电枢表面电流密度分布情况以及电枢受力。结果表明:矩形轨道对应电枢表面电流密度最大值在三种轨道中最小，凸出半圆形轨道枢轨接触面电流分布最均匀，在发射过程中可以有效减少轨道和电枢的烧蚀，凹陷半圆形轨道对应的电枢受力最大，可用于大质量物体的发射。

Distribution characteristics of armature current in different orbit structures

Solving the problem of ablation of track and armature is the key to the practical application of the six-pole electromagnetic launcher. One of the causes of the ablation of track and armature is the uneven distribution of current between the rails and the armature.In this paper, the finite element simulation software Ansoft Maxwell is used to simulate the three different orbits, and the distribution of the armature contact surface current density and the armature stress are obtained. The results show: the rectangular orbit maximum current density is the minimum of the three orbits; the concave-semicircle-orbit current distribution is the most uniform, and during the launch process the concave armature contact surface can effectively reduce the erosion of the rail and armature; the convex-orbit armature has the maximum stress and it can be used for high quality objects launch.