重复频率低阻抗紧凑Marx脉冲功率源

为了实现重频脉冲功率源小型化，研制了基于快Marx发生器的紧凑型重频低阻抗脉冲功率源。采用大功率重频高压电源对Marx发生器充电，通过对充电电源和脉冲触发源的同步控制，实现对Marx发生器重频充电；Marx发生器中采用薄膜脉冲电容器、小型化气体开关、电感隔离以及SF₆气体绝缘等设计，以8级紧凑Marx发生器进行验证性研究，在16 Ω阻抗负载上实现了重复频率10 Hz、脉宽150 ns、峰值电压大于400 kV连续多脉冲输出；在此基础上，设计了18级紧凑型Marx发生器，在约18 Ω阻抗负载上输出功率达到33 GW，峰值功率密度大于150 GW/m3，实现重复频率5 Hz、脉宽约160 ns、峰值电压大于600 kV的连续多脉冲输出。为了降低Marx发生器的输出阻抗，采用4台电容器并联作为Marx发生器的一级储能模块，研制了同轴紧凑Marx脉冲功率源，有效减小放电回路电感，实现12 Ω低阻抗负载近似匹配输出，前沿减小至50 ns以下，脉宽约130 ns。

Compact repetitive Marx generator with low impedance

A series of compact repetitive pulsed power systems on the basis of fast Marx generator were developed in Institute of Fluid Physics, China Academy of Engineering Physics. They are mainly composed of a fast Marx generator and a repetitive high voltage charging device. There are polypropylene film capacitors with plastic shell, miniaturized gas switches, isolated inductors and SF₆ gas insulation in these fast Marx generators. An 8-stage Marx generator was designed and tested. It can output repetitively 5 pulses with peak power of beyond 10 GW, rising-time of 50 ns, pulse width of 150 ns at frequency of 10 Hz. An 18-stage Marx generator has the same structure as the 8-stage Marx generator. It can generate a single pulse with peak power of more than 33 GW and pulse duration of about 160 ns on a resistor load of 18 Ω. Its peak power density is up to 150 GW/m3. But its output pulse has an obvious reverse pulse in the falling time, which is not helpful to drive a diode load. So, a 16-stage coaxial Marx generator was designed, there are four capacitors in parallel in one stage. The coaxial Marx generator has a low inductance and a low output impedance. It can generate a pulse with peak power of 28 GW and pulse duration of 130 ns without reverse pulse on an 12 Ω load. This work is useful for the development of high power compact pulsed power. There are also some work to do in order to enhance the working life and repetitive operation stability of high power compact Marx generator.