X波段长脉冲高功率微波产生的实验研究

 获得长脉冲高功率微波（HPM）输出是HPM源技术追求的重要目标之一。从物理机理上分析了影响慢波结构HPM器件实现长脉冲HPM输出的因素，并利用长脉冲脉冲功率源和过模慢波结构HPM器件，开展了X波段长脉冲HPM产生实验。实验中，采用介质-铜阴极，并在慢波结构表面镀Cr，在导引磁场约0.7 T、二极管电压约400 kV、电流约10 kA、束流脉宽200 ns的条件下，获得了功率500 MW、脉宽约100 ns、主模为TM₀₁的X波段长脉冲HPM输出。对实验结果的分析表明，脉冲功率源与HPM器件的阻抗不匹配，是导致HPM器件输出微波脉宽比电子束脉宽短、以及HPM器件输出微波功率效率较低的主要原因。

Experimental investigation of X-band long pulse high-power microwave generation

Obtaining long-pulse high power microwave(HPM) is one of the most important aims for HPM sources technology. In the paper, difficulties in generating long pulse HPM for sources using slow-wave structures are discussed from the view point of physical mechanism, and some suggestions are given. By using of a long pulse pulsed power driver and an overmoded slow-wave structure HPM source, X-band long pulse HPM generating experiments were carried out. In the experiments, a kind of dielectric-copper cathode was adopted and the slow-wave structures of the HPM device were coated with Cr film. Under the condition of guiding magnetic field of 0.7 T, diode voltage of 400 kV，beam current of 10 kA with duration of 200 ns, an X-band long pulse HPM was obtained with power of 500 MW, duration of 100 ns an