Theoretical study on phase conjugation in weakly injected vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers |
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Authors: | Zhang Wei-Li Pan Wei Luo Bin Li Xiao-Feng Zou Xi-Hua and Wang Meng-Yao |
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Institution: | School of Information Science & Technology, Southwest
Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China |
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Abstract: | This paper gives a detailed theoretical investigation on phase
conjugation induced by nearly degenerate four-wave mixing in single
mode vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) with weak
optical injection. Considering VCSELs that can work in linearly
polarized or elliptically polarized states, it derives the
theoretical expression of the conjugated field by small signal
analysis based on the vectoral rate equations---the spin-flip model.
For linearly polarized state, VCSELs show similar conjugate spectra
to edge-emitting semiconductor lasers. For the elliptically
polarized state, dichroism and birefringence parameters as well as
the spin-flip rate can change the conjugate spectra. Especially, when
frequency detuning of the probe and pump waves is between the
positive and negative relaxation oscillation frequency, changes are
evident. For specific values of parameters, conjugate efficiency
between 20\,dB to 40dB are obtained. |
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Keywords: | phase conjugate VCSELs polarization four-wave mixing |
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