Superfluid to Mott-insulator transition in a one-dimensional optical lattice |
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| Institution: | 1.State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China;2.Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China;3.School of Science, Key Laboratory of High Performance Scientific Computation, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China;4.St. Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab., St. Petersburg 199034, Russia |
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| Abstract: | Bose-Einstein condensates (BEC) of sodium atoms are transferred into one-dimensional (1D) optical lattice potentials, formed by two laser beams with a wavelength of 1064 nm, in a shallow optical trap. The phase coherence of the condensate in the lattice potential is studied by changing the lattice depth. A qualitative change in behavior of the BEC is observed at a lattice depth of ～ 13.7 Er, where the quantum gas undergoes a transition from a superfluid state to a state that lacks well-to-well phase coherence. |
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| Keywords: | Bose-Einstein condensate optical lattice superfluid Mott-insulator phase |
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