三硝基甲苯起爆机理实验研究

 用单脉冲化学激波管实验方法，使用自由基清扫剂和对比速率，测定了邻位和对位硝基甲苯在高温下，裂解瞬间（500 μs） 的化学反应机理，并测定了化学反应速率常数。作为邻位硝基甲苯的同分异构体，对位硝基甲苯的主要裂解通道与其不同。通过实验发现了邻位硝基甲苯的裂解重要通道，测到它的产1氧-2氮-3,4-环丁二稀基异嚙唑（Anthranil） 在瞬间随温度变化生成和很快消失的过程。由此，测得这一化学性质极不稳定的产物的消失速率常数为：k(Anthranil)＝3.7×10¹⁵·exp(－25 800/T) s^-1。分析这一过程的机理，认为第一步是硝基甲苯的裂解，第二步是Anthranil的生成，第三步是Anthranil中的N－O键的断裂。

Single pulse shock tube study on decomposition and incipient detonation of the trinitrotoluene

Dilute quantities of o-nitrotoluene and anthranil have been pyrolyzed in comparative rate single pulse shock tube experiments. Rather a lot of C—NO₂ bond cleavages than NO₂ isomerization are found as major channels in p-nitrotoluene decomposition. We demonstrate that the important pathway for pyrolysis involves the formation of anthranil with the following overall rate expression: k(o-nitrotoluene→anthranil) =1.2×10¹³·exp (-26 020/T) s^-1. The anthranil that is formed is very unstable under our conditions, the rate expression for disappearance has been found to be the following: k(Anthranil)_d＝3.7×10¹⁵·exp(－25 800/T) s^-1.