起爆方式对复合战斗部毁伤输出的影响

为了进一步提高复合战斗部的毁伤输出效率,基于一种可形成聚能侵彻体、预制破片和自然破片3种毁伤元的破甲杀伤复合战斗部结构,应用LS-DYNA数值仿真软件,研究了起爆点位置、起爆直径和起爆点数量对复合战斗部各毁伤元成型和能量输出的影响,讨论了实现战斗部毁伤威力可调的技术路径。结果表明:起爆点距药型罩越远、数量越多、起爆直径越大,由药型罩形成的聚能侵彻体的头部速度越高,头尾速度差和长径比越大,速度增益最高可达50%,可以实现爆炸成型弹丸(EFP)到聚能杆式侵彻体(JPC)转换;在装药内部轴线阵列多点起爆时,聚能侵彻体的成型基本仅与离药型罩最近的起爆点有关。对于预制破片,装药高度60 mm(P2)处起爆速度最快,增加起爆点数量和增大起爆直径可以有效提高预制破片的最高速度,但整体上最低速度仍在600 m/s上下波动,变化并不显著。对于壳体形成的自然破片,以平均速度来表征时,整体变化并不明显,速度增益不足10%,但合理的起爆方式可使壳体断裂形成的自然破片更均匀,有利于调整破片质量分布。通过控制起爆方式可在一定程度上实现复合战斗部毁伤威力可调,但对于破片速度的调控仍需进一步研究。

Effect of Initial Detonation Method on Damage Power of Composite Warhead

To improve the energy output efficiency of composite warhead,a HEAT-HE composite warhead is presented,which can release explosively formed penetrator,prefabricated fragments and natural fragments.With the numerical simulation software LS-DYNA,we analyzed how the initial detonation mode(including location,diameter and number of detonation points)affects the damage elements formation and energy output.Besides,a possible technical approach for the tunable damage-power warhead was also discussed.The results shows that:(1)When the donation points are wider and further away from the linear,the linear-formed damage element would get a higher tip velocity and a greater tip-tail velocity and lengthdiameter ratios.The greatest gain of velocity can reach up to 50% so as to lead the transformation from explosively formed projectile(EFP)to jetting projectile charge(JPC).(2)When the detonation points are located on the central axis of the charge,the damage element forming keeps only related to the point closest from the liner.(3)For the prefabricated fragment,the detonation velocity on the 60 mm charge height(P2)is the highest.Its maximum velocity can get increased with the increasing detonation points with wider diameter,while its minimum velocity always keeps about 600 m/s with little variation.For the natural fragment formed by the shell,there isn’t an obvious variation of the average velocity,but a reasonable approach to detonate can make the fragments more homogeneous and benefit the adjustment of the fragments mass distribution.Therefore,it is feasible to make a tunable damage-power warhead by controlling the initiation detonation mode,but further research into the effects of the initiation mode on the fragment velocity is needed as well.