铝和铝-锂合金的爆炸烧结试验研究

 本文研究了纯铝粉和快速凝固铝-锂合金粉的爆炸烧结工艺，测量了烧结体的密度，观察了烧结体内的微观组织和断口形貌。试验用粉末材料为水雾化铝粉、氮气雾化铝粉和氩气雾化铝-锂合金粉。试验时把粉末材料装在包套内，粉状炸药装在包套外的纸筒内，炸药从一端起爆。根据文中给出的爆炸烧结工艺参数的设计原则，通过系统地试验，已获得Φ17×70 mm的铝-锂棒材和Φ100×100 mm的纯铝棒材，相对密度超过98%，无中心孔（马赫孔）。微观组织和断口形貌观察结果表明：颗粒之间已达到焊接结合，结合区是由超细微晶组成，颗粒内部仍保持原始粉末的急冷组织。试验结果还表明：包套最终运动速度、包套内径、粉末材料强度、粉末材料表面氧化膜的厚度都是影响爆炸烧结质量的重要因素。

INVESTIGATION OF THE EXPLOSIVE CONSOLIDATION OF Al-Li ALLOY AND Al POWDERS

In this paper, explosive consolidation was investigated for rapidly solidified Al-Li alloy and Al powders. The density, microstructures and fracture morphologies of the sintering compacts were examined. The Al-Li alloy powder was prepared by argon gas atomization. The Al powders were prepared by water or nitrogen gas atomization. The powder was packed in a container and the explosive, also in powder form, was contained in a concentrically placed cardboard tube. The explosive was initiated on one end. By proper selection of the explosive parameter, the φ17×70 mm (Al-Li alloy) and the Φ100×100 mm (Al) sintering cylindrical compacts have been obtained. They are defect-free and the densities of powder compacts were over 98% T. D. The microstructures and fracture morphologies show that the inter-particle bonding occurs and the bonding region consists of ultrafine grain. In the interior of particle the inherent microstructures are still retained. It is shown that the velocity and internal diameter of container, the powder strength and the characteristics of surface oxide layer are important in determining the effectiveness of the joints sintered.