水中空气隔层衰减冲击波性能研究

 根据鱼雷对舰船毁伤的特点，建立了多介质水下爆炸数值模型，提出了交界面处理及广义光滑长度计算方法，编制了多介质水下爆炸计算程序，并对水下爆炸空气隔层衰减冲击波的性能进行了定量分析。结果表明：无论是接触爆炸还是非接触爆炸，空气隔层均可有效衰减冲击波，并且接触爆炸中空气隔层衰减冲击波的效果更好，最大可使冲击压力峰值降低约55%；空气隔层厚度与爆炸厚度之比为1时便可达到较好的衰减冲击波效果，继续增加空气隔层厚度对衰减冲击波效果影响不大。研究结果可为舰船结构防护及防雷舱的结构设计提供参考。

Research on Performance of the Underwater Air Buffer Weakening Shock Wave

Based on the characteristics of the damage on the ship caused by the torpedo, the numerical model of multi-medium underwater explosions was established, where the methods of treating interface and calculating generalized smooth length were presented. According to this new model, the programs of multi-medium underwater explosions were worked out, and a quantitative analysis was made on the performance of the underwater air buffer weakening shock wave. The results show that the shock wave can be significantly attenuated by the air buffer, whether in contact explosions or non-contact explosions. And the attenuation effect of the air buffer in contact explosions is better than that in non-contact explosions. The pressure peak of the shock wave can be decreased by nearly 55% by the air buffer in contact explosions. When the ratio between the thickness of the air buffer and explosion equals 1, the effect of the air buffer on weakening shock wave is obvious, and further increasing the thickness of the air buffer has little influence on the attenuation effect. The research results will provide reference for the structure design of the ship protection system and torpedo defense cabin.