受第三方控制的量子安全对话方案

通过量子隐形传态只能单向传递信息,从某种意义上说,并不是真正的"通信",本文提出一个由第三方控制的量子双向通信方案:通信双方经过幺正变换实现信息编码,然后分别对自己拥有的粒子进行贝尔基联合测量,公布测量结果,在控制方同意的情况下,实现量子安全对话,而控制方并不知道对话内容.由于控制方的加入,大大增强了量子对话的安全性,使得这一方案更趋完美.通过量子信道实现了经典信息的安全双向通信,它在未来量子安全对话、量子保密通信的实际应用中能起到重要的参考作用.

Controlled by a Third Party to Realize Quantum Secure Dialogue

In a sense, quantum teleportation by which information could only be transferred in one-way is not a perfect mode of communication. Thus, a scheme of two-way quantum communication controlled by a third party is proposed. Firstly, both sides of communication need accomplish information encoding through some unitary transformations. Then they should perform Bell-state measurements(BSMs) to their own qubits respectively, and announce the measured results. With the permission of the controller, two sides of communication could realize the quantum dialogue without divulging information to controller. Because of the join of a third party, safety of quantum dialogue is greatly enhanced, which makes this scheme better. According to the realization of secure two-way quantum communication, the scheme may be a good reference in practical application of quantum secure dialogue and quantum private communication.