| Nucleon internal structure: a new set of quark, gluon momentum, angular momentum operators and parton distribution functions |
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| 作者姓名： | 王凡 陈相松 吕晓夫 孙为民 T.Goldman |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 南京大学物理系;2. Department of Physics, Sichuan University, 610064, Chengdu, China;3. 中国科学院理论物理研究所;4. Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China;5. Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; |
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| 基金项目： | We thank Prof. X. D. Ji, K. F. Liu and S. J. Wang for stimulating discussions. |
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| 摘 要： | It is unavoidable to deal with the quark and gluon momentum and angular momentum contributions to the nucleon momentum and spin in the study of nucleon internal structure. However we never have the quark and gluon momentum, orbital angular momentum and gluon spin operators which satisfy both the gauge invariance and the canonical momentum and angular momentum commutation relation. The conflicts between the gauge invariance and canonical quantization requirement of these operators are discussed. A new set of quark and gluon momentum, orbital angular momentum and spin operators, which satisfy both the gauge invariance and canonical momentum and angular momentum commutation relation, are proposed. The key point to achieve such a proper decomposition is to separate the gauge field into the pure gauge and the gauge covariant parts. The same conflicts also exist in QED and quantum mechanics and have been solved in the same manner. The impacts of this new decomposition to the nucleon internal structure are discussed.
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| 关 键 词： | 轨道角动量 内部结构 运营商 胶子 夸克 核子 分布函数 规范不变性 |
| 收稿时间： | 2009-8-7 |
Nucleon internal structure： a new set of quark,gluon momentum,angular momentum operators and parton distribution functions |
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| Institution: | [1]Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; [2]Joint Institute of Particle Nuclear Physics and Cosmology, Nanjing University and the Purple Mountain Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210093, China; [3]Department of Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China; [4]Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA |
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| Abstract: | nucleon internal structure, quark-gluon momentum and angular momentum, canonical commutation relation, gauge invariance |
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| Keywords: | nucleon internal structure quark-gluon momentum and angular momentum canonical commutation relation gauge invariance |
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