林火中的阴燃现象:研究前沿与展望

森林中的植物腐殖质和有机泥炭土的阴燃是地球上尺度最大的燃烧与火灾现象,造成了巨大的经济损失及跨国界的雾霾,并严重破坏了生态系统。本文综述了阴燃林火的基础燃烧理论和化学反应机理,总结了其点火、火蔓延和熄火的行为特性。同时,归纳了近年来泥炭阴燃火的研究动态,包括如何通过小尺度的阴燃实验理解大尺度的阴燃林火,如何构建阴燃的数值模型等关键科学问题。最后,探讨了阴燃林火问题在燃烧学、火灾科学、林学、生态环境学、地球物理等多学科的交叉研究热点和方向,以期对未来多学科的交叉研究提供必要的参考和科学指导。

A Review of Smoldering Wildfire:Research Advances and Prospects

Smoldering wildfire in humus layers and peatlands is one of the largest and longest combustion phenomena on Earth,leading to a huge economic loss and regional haze event as well as destroying the ecosystems.In this paper,we reviewed the fundamental combustion theory and chemical kinetics of smoldering wildfires and summarized their behavioural characteristics with an emphasis on ignition,fire spread and extinction.The research advances of smoldering peat fire in recent years were also summarized.including the understanding of large-scale smoldering wildfire through small-scale experiments,establishment of numerical model and other key scientific issues.Particularly,this review discussed the multidisciplinary research advances and prospects of smoldering wildfires in combustion science,fire science,forestry,ecology,environmental science and geophysics in order to provide necessary references and scientific guidance for multidisciplinary research in the future.