Ultrasound assisted extraction of food and natural products. Mechanisms,techniques, combinations,protocols and applications. A review |
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| Institution: | 1. Chemistry Department, Yasouj University, Yasouj 75918-74831, Iran;2. Department of Physics, Yasouj University, Yasouj 75918-74831, Iran;3. Department of Semiconductors, Materials and Energy Research Center, Karaj 3177983634, Iran;4. Department of Polymer Engineering, Golestan University, Gorgan 49188-88369, Iran;1. Extraction & Separation Techniques Team, Centre de Recherches Scientifique et Technique en Analyses Physico-Chimiques (C.R.A.P.C.), BP 248 Alger RP 16004, Algiers, Algeria;2. Faculté de Chimie, Université Houari Boumediene (USTHB), BP 32, El-Alia 16112 Bab-Ezzouar, Alger, Algeria;3. Faculté de Génie des Procédés et de Génie Mécanique, Université Houari Boumediene (USTHB), BP 32, El-Alia 16112 Bab-Ezzouar, Alger, Algeria;1. Food Biosciences, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Dublin, Ireland;2. Food Packaging Group, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland;3. Sonochemistry Group, Coventry University, UK;4. School of Biosystems and Food Engineering, University College Dublin, Ireland;1. ICAM site de Lille, 6 rue Auber, 59016 Lille Cedex, France;2. Univ. Lille, INRA, ISA, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte d’Opale, EA 7394 – ICV – Institut Charles Viollette, F-59000 Lille, France;1. University POLITEHNICA of Bucharest, Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, Spl. Independentei Nr. 313, Sector 6, Bucharest RO-060042, Romania;2. SonoChem Centre Ltd, Bank Gallery, High Street, Kenilworth, England CV8 1LY, United Kingdom |
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| Abstract: | This review presents a complete picture of current knowledge on ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) in food ingredients and products, nutraceutics, cosmetic, pharmaceutical and bioenergy applications. It provides the necessary theoretical background and some details about extraction by ultrasound, the techniques and their combinations, the mechanisms (fragmentation, erosion, capillarity, detexturation, and sonoporation), applications from laboratory to industry, security, and environmental impacts. In addition, the ultrasound extraction procedures and the important parameters influencing its performance are also included, together with the advantages and the drawbacks of each UAE techniques. Ultrasound-assisted extraction is a research topic, which affects several fields of modern plant-based chemistry. All the reported applications have shown that ultrasound-assisted extraction is a green and economically viable alternative to conventional techniques for food and natural products. The main benefits are decrease of extraction and processing time, the amount of energy and solvents used, unit operations, and CO2 emissions. |
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| Keywords: | Ultrasound-assisted extraction Mechanisms Hybrid techniques Safety and security Green impacts Industrial application |
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