Heterogeneous sono-Fenton-like process using martite nanocatalyst prepared by high energy planetary ball milling for treatment of a textile dye |
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Institution: | 1. Department of Civil, Environmental & Mechanical Engineering, University of Trento, via Mesiano, 77, 38123 Trento, Italy;2. Department of Civil, Environmental & Mechanical Engineering, Laboratory of Bio-Inspired and Graphene Nanomechanics, University of Trento, via Mesiano, 77, 38123 Trento, Italy;3. Center for Materials and Microsystems, Fondazione Bruno Kessler, Via Sommarive 18, 38123 Povo (Trento), Italy;4. School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom |
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Abstract: | High energy planetary ball milling was applied to prepare sono-Fenton nanocatalyst from natural martite (NM). The NM samples were milled for 2–6 h at the speed of 320 rpm for production of various ball milled martite (BMM) samples. The catalytic performance of the BMMs was greater than the NM for treatment of Acid Blue 92 (AB92) in heterogeneous sono-Fenton-like process. The NM and the BMM samples were characterized by XRD, FT-IR, SEM, EDX and BET analyses. The particle size distribution of the 6 h-milled martite (BMM3) was in the range of 10–90 nm, which had the highest surface area compared to the other samples. Then, the impact of main operational parameters was investigated on the process. Complete removal of the dye was obtained at the desired conditions including initial pH 7, 2.5 g/L BMM3 dosage, 10 mg/L AB92 concentration, and 150 W ultrasonic power after 30 min of treatment. The treatment process followed pseudo-first order kinetic. Environmentally-friendly modification of the NM, low leached iron amount and repeated application at milder pH were the significant benefits of the BMM3. The GC–MS was successfully used to identify the generated intermediates. Eventually, an artificial neural network (ANN) was applied to predict the AB92 removal efficiency based upon the experimental data with a proper correlation coefficient (R2 = 0.9836). |
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Keywords: | Nanoparticles Martite Heterogeneous sono-Fenton-like process Ball milling Artificial neural network |
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