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Ultrasonic-assisted catalytic transfer hydrogenation for upgrading pyrolysis-oil |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Idaho, Idaho Falls, ID 83402, USA;2. Energy and Environment S&T Division, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho Falls, ID 83401, USA;3. Department of Chemistry, Idaho State University, Pocatello, ID 83204, USA |
| Abstract: | Recent interest in biomass-based fuel blendstocks and chemical compounds has stimulated research efforts on conversion and upgrading pathways, which are considered as critical commercialization drivers. Existing pre-/post-conversion pathways are energy intense (e.g., pyrolysis and hydrogenation) and economically unsustainable, thus, more efficient process solutions can result in supporting the renewable fuels and green chemicals industry. This study proposes a process, including biomass conversion and bio-oil upgrading, using mixed fast and slow pyrolysis conversion pathway, as well as sono-catalytic transfer hydrogenation (SCTH) treatment process. The proposed SCTH treatment employs ammonium formate as a hydrogen transfer additive and palladium supported on carbon as the catalyst. Utilizing SCTH, bio-oil molecular bonds were broken and restructured via the phenomena of cavitation, rarefaction, and hydrogenation, with the resulting product composition, investigated using ultimate analysis and spectroscopy. Additionally, an in-line characterization approach is proposed, using near-infrared spectroscopy, calibrated by multivariate analysis and modeling. The results indicate the potentiality of ultrasonic cavitation, catalytic transfer hydrogenation, and SCTH for incorporating hydrogen into the organic phase of bio-oil. It is concluded that the integration of pyrolysis with SCTH can improve bio-oil for enabling the production of fuel blendstocks and chemical compounds from lignocellulosic biomass. |
| Keywords: | Ultrasonic cavitation Catalytic transfer hydrogenation Upgrading Pyrolysis oil Sonotreatment ASTM"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0035"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"American Society for Testing and Materials bpd"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0045"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"barrels per day CS"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0055"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"corn stover CTH"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0065"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"catalytic transfer hydrogenation CV"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0075"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"cross-validation H/C"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0085"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"hydrogen to carbon ratio HDT"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0095"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"hydrotreatment KF"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0105"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"Karl Fischer titration LOOCV"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0115"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"leave-one-out cross-validation LV"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0125"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"latent variables NIR"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0135"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"near-infrared NMR"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0145"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"nuclear magnetic resonance O/C"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0155"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"oxygen to carbon ratio Pd/C"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0165"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"palladium supported on carbon PLS"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0175"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"partial least square PW"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0185"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"pinewood RMSEC"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0195"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"root-mean-square-error of calibration RR"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0205"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"ridge regression SCTH"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0215"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"sono-catalytic transfer hydrogenation TH"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0225"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"transfer hydrogenation UC"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0235"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"ultrasonic cavitation |
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