Raman spectroscopy of carbon nanotubes |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Physics and Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Room 13-3005, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA;2. Francis Bitter Magnet Lab, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA;3. Department of Physics, Tohoku University, and CREST, JST, Sendai 980-8578, Japan;4. Depto. de Física, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte - MG 30123-970, Brazil;1. Institute of Catalysis for Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang, 110034, China;2. Shanxi Key Lab. of Material Strength & Structural Impact, College of Mechanics, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China;3. Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, 123, Oman;4. Biyaq Oil Field Services LLC, Mina Al Fahal, Muscat, 123, Oman;5. Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China;6. State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China;1. Department of Physics, University of Ottawa, 150 Louis Pasteur, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada;2. Security and Disruptive Technologies Portfolio, National Research Council Canada, 1200 Montreal Road, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada;1. Faculty of Physics, Warsaw University of Technology, Koszykowa 75, 00-662, Warsaw, Poland;2. Department of Physics, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195, Berlin, Germany |
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| Abstract: | The use of Raman spectroscopy to reveal the remarkable structure and the unusual electronic and phonon properties of single wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) is reviewed comprehensively. The various types of Raman scattering processes relevant to carbon nanotubes are reviewed, and the theoretical foundations for these topics are presented. The most common experimental techniques used to probe carbon nanotubes are summarized, followed by a review of the novel experimental findings for each of the features in the first order and second order Raman spectra for single wall carbon nanotubes. These results are presented and discussed in connection with theoretical considerations. Raman spectra for bundles of SWNTs, for SWNTs surrounded by various common wrapping agents, and for isolated SWNTs at the single nanotube level are reviewed. Some of the current research challenges facing the field are briefly summarized. |
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