新概念高能激光武器与强激光光学计量检测技术

新概念高能激光武器的研究与发展已有四十多年的历史。第一代高能激光武器主要采用连续波化学激光器，其输出功率可达百万瓦。第二代高能激光武器主要采用了波长更短的节能固体激光器件，其输出功率为100kW。与第一代高能化学激光武器采用超高能量直接烧毁杀伤目标不同，第二代高能固体激光武器寻求节能型杀伤方式，即以最小程度的破坏来实现致命杀伤的效果。随着高能激光武器的发展和实战部署，作为高能激光武器核心的高能激光系统总体性能参数(能量/功率、激光波形、光束质量、近场和远场的强度分布、光束指向稳定性、光谱和偏振特性等)的计量和测试显得尤为重要。文中围绕新概念高能激光武器的历史、研究现状和未来发展展开论述。高能激光武器系统的研制对强激光光学计量检测技术提出的新要求和挑战有助于推进强激光光学计量检测技术的发展。

The Novel High-Energy Laser Weapons and Optical Metrology Test Technology for High-Energy Laser

The novel high-energy laser weapons have been studies and developed for more than forty years. The first generation high-energy laser weapons mainly employ chemical CW lasers with excellent engineering scaling and good beam quailty. The second generation high-energy laser weapons mainly use solid-state lasers with shorter wavelength and different working mode to reach the lethal and damage effect with minimal output energy. With the development and deployment of high-energy laser weapon, it is very necessary for optical metrology and measurement of the high-energy laser weapon, it is very necessary for optical metrology and measurement of the high-energy laser parameters (such as energy/power, laser waveform, beam quality, near field and field intensity distributions, beam pointing stability, spectrum and polarization feature) to be done. In this paper, the present state and development trend for the novel high-energy laser weapons are reviewed. It is a great challenge for optical metrology test of the high-energy laser to meet the requirement of the research and development of the high-energy laser to meet the requirement of the research and development of high-energy laser weapon systems.