用于大型建筑物的二维小角度测量方法

为了对大型建筑物变形角度进行测量，提出一种新的二维小角度测量方法，并根据该方法研制了一种光电二维倾斜仪。采用位敏传感器对激光光斑进行测量，根据光斑的移动推导出小角度的变化值。设计中采用到固液两相的特殊液体，可通过外加磁场的方法调整液体黏度，以消除测量现场环境振动的影响。多次的角度反射放大了最终的反射角，提高了测量精度。该设计结构简单，成本低，精度高并且环境适应力强。实验测试结果分辨率可达0.1角秒，重复精度能达到1角秒以内。

Measuring the 2 dimension small angle of large buildings

A novel angle measurement method was introduced for measuring the deformation angle of large buildings and a photoelectric planar obliquity instrument was made. The speckle of laser was tested with a position sensitive device (PSD). In order to avoid environmental impact, magnetic fluid was utilized in the instrument. The viscosity of the special fluid could be adjusted by applying different magnetic field. Being reflected many times, the final angle of the laser beam was enlarged, which improved measurement precision. The design is simple, low cost, precise and robust to environment. The experimental resolution reaches 0.1 arc second and the repetition accuracy is better than 1 arc-second.