基于对焦深度法的光学显微镜系统设计

针对传统显微镜采用手工对焦方式存在自动化程度低、对焦过程较慢且对操作者经验要求高的问题，提出一套基于对焦深度法的光学显微镜系统。结合基于图像处理自动对焦的显微镜通用结构，设计了一套由ARM开发板、触控液晶显示屏、Arduino UNO开发板、红外对管、工业数码显微镜及步进电机等组成的光学显微镜系统。结合触控液晶显示屏的特点，设计出结合不同大小的感兴趣区域对焦窗口选择方法，并在采用常见梯度函数作为图像清晰度评价函数及爬山搜索算法的基础上，提出容错改进方法。实验分别对不同的图像清晰度评价函数及对焦窗口大小进行了实时性、灵敏度及容错性能测试。结果表明，该系统具有较高的可靠性。

Design of microscope system based on depth from focus

According to the problems of low degree of automation, slow process of focusing and high requirement of operator experience caused by traditional manual focusing microscope, a new optical microscope system based on depth from focus was proposed. Firstly, according to the general microscope structure with auto-focusing based on image processing, a set of microscope system was designed, constituted of ARM development board, touch-sensitive LCD, Arduino UNO development board, infrared tube, industrial digital microscope and stepping motor, etc. Then, a focusing window selection method combining regions of interest with different sizes was proposed based on the characteristics of touch-sensitive LCD screen.And an improved method with fault tolerant was put forward based on the mountain climb searching algorithm and the common gradient function as the image definition evaluation function. Furthermore, the real-time, sensitivity and fault-tolerant performance for different image definition evaluation functions and sizes for selection window were tested in the experiment.The results show that the system has high reliability.