非平衡相变的临界标度理论及普适性

综述了作者近年来在非平衡相变临界（ Ｎ Ｐ Ｃ） 标度理论及普适性研究的进展。主要包括一般 Ｎ Ｐ Ｃ 系统规格化模型，局域序参量的概率分布，广义势的临界渐近形式，空时有关函数及其临界奇异行为。论证了 Ｎ Ｐ Ｃ 系统的临界可标度性，导出了一组普适的 Ｎ Ｐ Ｃ 标度关系，由之计算出的４ 种 Ｎ Ｐ Ｃ 普适类的临界指数与目前已知的实验及理论结果吻合得非常好。此外，还讨论了非平衡相变临界标度理论的普适性，将平衡相变临界标度理论作为一种特殊极限情况含于同一理论体系中。

CRITICAL SCALING THEORY OF NONEQUILIBRIUM PHASE TRANSITION AND ITS UNIVERSALITY

It is reviewed that some new development of the studies about the scaling theory of nonequilibrium phase transition critical (NPC) phenomena and its universality.It includes the critical standardized model of general NPC systems,the probability distribution of local order paramenters and the critical asympotic form of its stochastic generalized potential,the space-time correlation function and its singular behaviour at the critical point.It is proved that there are scaling peculiarities in the vicinity of the NPC point.A group of universal critical scaling relations in NPC systems are derived.The critical exponents of four NPC universal categeries,which are calculated by our theory,coincide well with the results of tests or theories known at present. In addition,we discussed the universality of the critical scaliny theory of nonequibrium phase transition,and the critical scaling theory of equilibrium phase transition can be integrated into the same theory system as a particular limit case of the NPC theory.