Symmetry breaking and enhanced condensate fraction in a matter-wave bright soliton |
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Authors: | Kanamoto Rina Saito Hiroki Ueda Masahito |
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Institution: | Department of Physics, Osaka City University, Osaka 558-8585, Japan. |
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Abstract: | An exact diagonalization study reveals that a matter-wave bright soliton and the Goldstone mode are simultaneously created in a quasi-one-dimensional attractive Bose-Einstein condensate by superpositions of quasidegenerate low-lying many-body states. Upon formation of the soliton the maximum eigenvalue of the single-particle density matrix increases dramatically, indicating that a fragmented condensate converts into a single condensate as a consequence of the breaking of translation symmetry. |
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