纳米金属粉对高氯酸铵热分解动力学的影响

用TG和DSC研究了普通级和纳米级的铝、镍金属粉对普通高氯酸铵热分解特性的影响 .结果表明 ,普通级和纳米级铝粉对普通高氯酸铵热分解几乎没有影响 ,纳米镍粉对普通高氯酸铵的热分解 ,特别是高温阶段的促进作用最明显 .这种促进作用随着纳米镍粉含量的减少而逐渐减弱 .利用Coats Redfern积分法计算了超细高氯酸铵热分解的动力学参数 ,结果显示纳米镍粉使超细高氯酸铵热分解的表观活化能从 15 7.9kJ/mol下降为134.9kJ/mol,而其热分解的机理函数都同属于“成核和核成长”的Avrami Erofeev方程系列的函数 ,同时还探讨了纳米镍粉对高氯酸铵热分解促进作用的机理 .

The Effect of Nano Metal Powders on the Thermal Decomposition Kinetics of Ammonium Perchlorate

The thermal decomposition characteristics of general ammonium perchlorate (g-AP) influenced by the addition of aluminum, nickel with different particle sizes (general and nano) are studied by TG and DSC. The results show that aluminum powders (both general and nano size) are nearly uninfluenced. Nano nickel powders have the greatest influence on the decomposition properties of g-AP among metal powders. Such accelerating effects of nano nickel powders are more apparent on the stage of high temperature decomposition than low temperature decomposition of g-AP and will be weakened with the decrease of the content of nano nickel. Nano nickel powders are also more effective than superfine nickel powders on accelerating the thermal decomposition of superfine AP (s-AP). The kinetic parameters of the thermal decomposition of s-AP and mixture of s-AP and nano nickel powders are obtained from the TG-DTG curves by the integral method based on the Coats-Redfern equation. Nano nickel powders reduce the apparent activation energy of the thermal decomposition of s-AP from 157.9 kJ/mol to 134.9 kJ/mol. The most probable mechanism functions of the thermal decomposition reaction for s-AP and mixture of s-AP and nano nickel powders both belong to systems of Avrami-Erofeev equations. The mechanism of such accelerating effects has been discussed.