氧化铟/聚(3,4-乙烯二氧噻吩)复合材料的微结构及其热电性能研究

通过化学氧化合成的方法将纳米In_2O_3复合到聚(3,4-乙烯二氧噻吩)(PEDOT)中得到In_2O_3/PEDOT复合材料.利用X射线衍射、红外光谱、电子显微镜及正电子湮没等方法对复合材料的微观结构进行了系统研究,同时对材料的热学和电学性能进行了表征.结果表明,当In_2O_3的含量在22 wt%以下时,In_2O_3能很好地分散到PEDOT基体中.热电性能测试则显示In_2O_3/PEDOT复合材料的导电率随In_2O_3含量增加明显增大.纯PEDOT的电导率仅为7.5 S/m,而含12.3 wt%In_2O_3的复合材料的电导率达到25.75 S/m.该复合材料相应的功率因子(68.8×10~(-4)μW/m·K~2)相对于纯的PEDOT(14.5×10~(-4)μW/m·K~2)提高了近4倍.另外,复合材料的热导率相对于纯PEDOT也有所降低.最终复合材料的热电优值由0.015×10~(-4)提高到了0.073×10~(-4).结果表明,In_2O_3/PEDOT复合材料的热电性能相对于纯PEDOT的热电性能得到了比较明显的提高.

Microstructure and thermoelectric properties of In2O3/poly(3, 4-ethylenedioxythiophene) composites

Poly(3, 4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) has applications in many areas due to its exciting electrical performance and high stability. Since it has very low thermal conductivity, it is also a good organic thermoelectric material. However, the ZT value of pure PEDOT is rather low, because the electrical properties such as conductivity are still not satisfactory. It is found that the thermoelectric performance can be enhanced by adding inorganic thermoelectric materials into PEDOT to form composites. In this paper, we synthesize a composite of In₂O₃/PEDOT by chemical oxidation. Microstructure of the composite is studied by X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscope, and positron annihilation spectroscopy. The XRD measurements show that the pure PEDOT sample is amorphous, and the crystallinity in composite sample is contributed by In₂O₃. Besides, the diffraction peaks become sharper with increasing the In₂O₃ content. Transmission electron microscope measurements confirm that the PEDOT sample is amorphous and the shapes of In₂O₃ particles are regular. The surfaces of the In₂O₃ particles are wholly coated with thin layers of PEDOT, and when the In₂O₃ content is higher than 22 wt%, the In₂O₃ particles cannot be uniformly dispersed in pure PEDOT layers. The positron annihilation measurements reveal the interface structure in the In₂O₃/PEDOT composite, which can capture positron and cause the lifetime of positron to increase. The relative quantity of interface increases with In₂O₃ content increasing. However, when the In₂O₃ content is more than 22 wt%, the interface structure is destroyed. All the measurements show that when the In₂O₃ content is lower than 22 wt%, the In₂O₃ nanoparticles are well dispersed in PEDOT. The electrical conductivity of In₂O₃/PEDOT composite increases with In₂O₃ content increasing. At room temperature, the electrical conductivity of PEDOT is 7.5 S/m, while in the In₂O₃/PEDOT sample with 12.3 wt% In₂O₃, a maximum electrical conductivity of 25.75 S/m is obtained. When the In₂O₃ content increases from 0 to 22 wt%, the power factor of the composite increases rapidly from 14.5×10^-4 to 68.8×10^-4 μW/m·K². On the contrary, the thermal conductivity shows decrease compared with the thermal conductivity of pure PEDOT. The ZT value of the composite increases from 0.015×10^-4 to 0.073×10^-4. Our results indicate that the thermoelectric properties of In₂O₃/PEDOT composite can be effectively improved compared with those of the pure PEDOT