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雷声在大气中传播的吸收衰减特性研究
引用本文:张景川,袁萍,欧阳玉花.雷声在大气中传播的吸收衰减特性研究[J].物理学报,2010,59(11):8287-8392.
作者姓名:张景川  袁萍  欧阳玉花
作者单位:(1)西北师范大学物理与电子工程学院,兰州 730070; (2)西北师范大学物理与电子工程学院,兰州 730070;兰州交通大学数理与软件工程学院,兰州 730070; (3)西北师范大学物理与电子工程学院,兰州 730070;塔里木大学机械电气化工程学院,阿拉尔 843300
基金项目:国家自然科学基金(批准号:40475007),西北师范大学科技创新工程项目(批准号: NWNU -KJCXGC-03-21)资助的课题.
摘    要:选取青海大通地区一次地闪过程的雷声信号,利用信号处理理论,得到了观测点雷声的频谱;依据声波在大气中传播的理论,计算了大气对雷声传播的吸声系数,分析了吸声系数随环境因素的变化,结果表明:闪电发生距离、大气湿度和温度是影响雷声传播的主要因素.在一定闪电距离和大气环境下,吸声系数随频率的增加而增大;频率小于100 Hz的雷声衰减很慢,空气相对湿度和温度对其吸声系数的影响也比较小,在一定距离内的衰减可以忽略;频率大于500 Hz的高频信号吸声系数较大,并且随相对湿度的增加而快速递增;吸声系数随温度呈非单调变化,频 关键词: 雷声传播 大气吸收 衰减

关 键 词:雷声传播  大气吸收  衰减
收稿时间:2009-03-31

Characteristics of absorption and attenuation of thunder propagating in atmosphere
Zhang Jing-Chuan,Yuan Ping,Ouyang Yu-Hua.Characteristics of absorption and attenuation of thunder propagating in atmosphere[J].Acta Physica Sinica,2010,59(11):8287-8392.
Authors:Zhang Jing-Chuan  Yuan Ping  Ouyang Yu-Hua
Institution:College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Northwest Normal University,Lanzhou 730070, China;College of Mechanic and Electrical Engineering; University of Tarim, Alar 843300, China;College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Northwest Normal University,Lanzhou 730070, China;College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Northwest Normal University,Lanzhou 730070, China;School of Mathematics Physics and Software Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070,China
Abstract:Using the thunder signals of a C-G lightning process recorded in the Qinghai region and the theory of signal processing, the frequency spectrum of thunder at observation point is obtained; Based on the propagation theory of acoustic waves, the absorption coefficients in air are calculated and their variations with environmental factors are analyzed. The results show that under a certain profpagation distance and environmental condition, the absorption coefficient increases with frequency increasing. The attenuation of signal below 100Hz is negligible under a certain propagation distance and environmental factors. The attenuations for high-frequency signals of more than 500 Hz are large, their absorption coefficients increase rapidly with the relative humidity inereasing and vary nor-monotonical with temperature. It is deduced that high frequency components of more than 500Hz should be contained in the thunder source.
Keywords:propagation of thunder  absorption in air  attenuation
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