炸药爆轰制备纳米石墨粉储放氢性能实验研究

介绍了一种新的制备纳米石墨粉的方法——炸药爆轰法.通过对爆轰合成的黑色粉末进行x射线衍射分析，确认其为六方结构的纳米石墨，平均晶粒度为1.86—2.61nm.用BET气体吸附仪测试纳米石墨粉的比表面积约为500—650m2/g，由比表面积计算得到的纳米石墨粒度为4.41—6.85nm.在室温（≈290K）和12MPa压力条件下对纳米石墨粉进行储放氢气性能测试，结果表明纳米石墨粉样品的储放氢量为0.33wt%—0.37wt％.在相同实验条件下，纳米石墨粉原始样品的储放氢能力较原始纳米炭纤维（0.15wt%—0.35wt％）和多壁碳纳米管（0.15wt%—0.20wt％）的储放氢能力略强,但低于超级活性炭（0.92wt%—0.98wt％）.纳米碳材料的比表面积在其储放氢实验中起关键作用. 关键词： 爆轰 纳米石墨粉 比表面积 储放氢量

Experimental study on the hydrogen storage and release in nano-graphite synthesized by explosive detonation

In this article, synthesis of nano graphite powders using pure TNT ( trinitrotoluene )explosives is reported. X-ray Diffraction (XRD) results indicated that the detonation product has a hexagonal-graphite structure and the average size of the particles of graphite is 1.86—2.61nm. Specific surface area of nano-graphite is about 500—650m2/g measured by BET gas sorption instrument.Crystal grain size of the nano-graphite calculated is 4.41—6.85nm by its specific surface area. A hydrogen storage and release capacity of 0.33—0.37 weight at room temperature under a modestly high pressure (12MPa) for untreated nano-graphte samples synthesized under different conditions. Under the same condition, the capacity of hydrogen storage and release of untreated carbon nanofibers、multi walled carbon nanotubes and super active carbon is 0.15wt%—0.35wt％，0.15wt%—0.20wt％，0.92wt%—0.98wt％，respectively.The specific surface area of carbon nanostructured materials is the most important factor in its hydrogen storage and release.