中国铁路客运网网络性质的研究

中国铁路客运系统可以采用两种不同的网络构建方式来描述. 一种是以铁路的站点作为“节点”，并以轨道作为“边”，这样生成的网络称为铁路地理网. 统计显示该网络的平均群聚系数〈C〉近似为零，故该网络为树状网络. 另一种是以站点作为“节点”，任意两个站点间只要有同一列车在这两个站点停靠，就可以认为这两个站点间有连线，这样生成的网络称为车流网. 统计显示该网络有较大的平均群聚系数和较小的平均网络距离〈d〉，而且该网络节点的度分布基本上服从无标度幂律分布，故车流网为具有无标度性质的小世界网络. 关键词： 铁路地理网 车流网 小世界 无标度分布

The study of properties of Chinese railway passenger transport network

Complex network is adopted to describe the Chinese railway system, and two different ways are used to construct the networks. One of ways is that the stations are viewed as “nodes” and rails are regarded as “links”, thus a railway geographic network is generated. The geographic network has approximately zero average clustering coefficient, thus this network is a tree-form network. The other way is that by viewing stations as “nodes”, an arbitrary pair of stations is considered to be connected by a “link” when at least one train stops at both stations. Thereby, a railway traffic network is generated. The traffic network has comparatively large average clustering coefficient (〈C〉=0.83) and small average path length(〈d〉=3.27), and the degrees of most nodes of the traffic one follow a scale-free degree distribution. Consequently, the traffic network is a small world network with scale-free property.