圆形破口附近气泡动态特性实验研究

以往对于壁面附近气泡动态特性的研究均是针对完整壁面进行的, 而对带破口壁面附近气泡运动特性的研究很少, 例如舰船结构在遭受药包爆炸冲击波作用后形成破口, 其仍可能会遭受随后生成气泡的二次打击, 破口的存在必定会影响爆炸生成气泡的动力学行为. 本文采用电火花气泡生成与观察实验装置, 对带有破口的壁面附近气泡脉动和射流特性进行研究.通过实验发现, 当气泡在破口同心位置生成时, 破口的存在会使气泡靠近破口一侧形成"腔吸现象", 并使气泡形成对射流. 在此基础上分析了破口大小和无量纲距离对破口附近气泡的影响规律, 最后讨论气泡在破口偏心位置生成时的运动特性, 结果发现破口附近气泡的二次打击威力随偏心距离的增加而增加, 文章旨在为不同边界附近气泡运动规律研究提供参考. 关键词： 气泡 实验 破口 射流

Experimental research on bubble dynamics near circular hole of plate

Traditional studies on bubble dynamics near solid boundaries mainly focus on its pulsation and jet features near a full plate. A hole will be formed when a warship is attacked by an underwater weapon and it may be subjected to a subsequent attack generated by charge explosion. And the hole on the plate would affect the blow effect of the underwater explosion bubble nearby. To study the bubble pulsation and jet features near a plate with a hole in the middle, a series of experiments is carried out using a spark bubble generator and high-speed camera. We find that when a bubble is generated homocentricly near the hole, cavity-attraction effect of the bubble will be formed due to the effect of the hole, and the opposite-jets can then be formed. Then the influences of dimensionless standoff distance and hole size are analyzed. Finally, the dynamic behavior of a bubble which is generated decenteredly near the hole is studied to show that the blow effect of a bubble increases with decentered position increasing.