X射线脉冲星自主导航的观测方程

在分析脉冲时间相位模型(pulse timing model)的意义和研究已有观测方程结论的基础上, 对脉冲到达时间(TOA)所含各种效应进行了解析,推导建立了一阶后牛顿近似下光子到达时间转换方程, 与一些作者的结果进行比较讨论; 同时推导出航天器在三种类型轨道下质心坐标时与航天器原时转换公式. 通过程序实现了推导的观测方程对X射线脉冲星空间观测数据处理的功能, 并利用RXTE卫星观测数据进行验算,搜索出正确的脉冲星周期, 折叠出准确的脉冲轮廓,验证了本文观测方程的正确性, 并与Heasoft软件计算结果进行对比分析, 最后分析了脉冲星位置误差与行星历表误差对数据处理的影响. 关键词： 太阳系质心 时间相位模型 Crab脉冲星 引力时延

Timing equation in X-ray pulsar autonomous navigation

The timing equation is the basic theory of dealing with the observable data of pulsar. The pulse timing model is studied; the transformation equation of pulsar photon time of arrival in 1PN approximation is derived, the existing transformation equations are compared and analyzed; the transformation of the proper time from the spacecraft to TCB is also obtained. The process dealing with the observable data of RXTE is achieved by software, the pulsar period is estimated and pulse profile is replicated, the validity of timing equation is approved. The result of software is compared with that of Heasoft, the reason of difference between them is analyzed. Finally, the effects of the planet ephemeris error and the pulsar ephemeris error on data processing are achieved.
Keywords： SSB pulse timing model Crab pulsar time delay of gravity