动态断裂力学的无网格流形方法

运用无网格流形方法求解动态断裂力学问题.该方法利用单位分解法和有限覆盖技术建立形函数，形函数的建立不受域内不连续的影响，可较好地求解裂纹问题.对于局部化问题，该方法的形函数构造较其他方法更为有效，避免了其他方法在建立试函数时没有考虑不连续尖端的缺点.由于采用有限覆盖技术建立试函数，该方法克服了不连续对试函数的影响，尤其当不连续变得复杂时，更能显示该方法在处理不连续方面的优点.在求解动态断裂力学问题时，弹性动力学积分弱形式的推导采用加权残数法，空间离散采用基于单位分解法的无网格流形方法，时间离散主要采用Newmark法.最后给出两个数值算例，将计算结果与解析解对比，说明该方法的正确性和可行性. 关键词： 有限覆盖 无网格流形方法 动态断裂力学 动态应力强度因子

Meshless manifold method for dynamic fracture mechanics

In the paper, the meshless manifold method (MMM) is utilized to analyze transient deformations in dynamic fracture. The MMM is based on the partition of unity method and the finite coverage approximation which provides a unified framework for solving problems involving both continuums and dis-continuums. The method can treat crack problem easily because the shape function is not affected by the discontinuity in the domain. For localization problems at the tip of the discontinuity, these shape functions are more effective than those used in other numerical methods. The method avoids the disadvantages of other meshless methods in which the tip of a discontinuous crack is not considered. In meshless manifold method, the finite coverage approximation is used to construct the shape functions that overcome influences of the interior discontinuities in the displacement. Consequently, the meshless manifold method has some advantages in solving the discontinuity problems when the discontinuities are complex. When the dynamic fracture mechanics is analyzed by the MMM, the weak formulation of the partial differential equation for elastic dynamics is derived from the method of weighted residuals (MWR). The discrete space of the domain is used for the MMM. The Newmark family of methods is used for the time integration scheme. At last, the validity and accuracy of the MMM are illustrated by two numerical examples of which the numerical results agree with the analytical solution.