有机化合物的化学发光

在过去十多年里,有关有机化合物化学发光的研究增长很快,在三个方面取得了新进展:(1)1,2-二氧杂丁烷体系化学发光的发现和研究,有助于人们了解单分子化学激发作用;(2)开展了电子转移化学发光的研究,用电生化学发光技术,研究电子转移的化学激发过程;(3)确认了化学引发电子变换发光(CIEEL)为一般化学发光机理。 本文将介绍化学发光有机反应的分类,说明化学发光的一般要求,叙述三个化学发光机理以及列出一些重要的化学发光体系。 在过氧化草酸芳酯体系中,我们提出了一种合成草酸芳酯的新方法,其反应如下: 2ArOH+(COOH)2+POCl3→(COOAr)2+HPO3+3HCl

CHEMILUMINESCENCE OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS

Chemiluminescence occurs when the exothermicity (ΔG) of a chemical reaction is converted into electronic excitation energy(*) of a reaction product, which then emits photons of light (hv). We can describe chemiluminescence as a ΔG→:→hv sequence. The heart of the sequence is the chemi-excitation (ΔG→)step.The field of chemiluminescence has experienced tremendous growth and witnessed significant advances in the past more ten years. To a large extent, the recent progress toward the understanding of chemiluminescent processes can be attributed to achievements in three general areas. The first area of achievement was the discovery and subsequent intensive investigation of the chemiluminescent reaction of 1,2-dioxetanes. The discovery of this reaction, a simple unimolecular rearrangement, has allowed experimentalists to focus on the study of the key step of chemiexcitation. A second area of recent advance has come in the field of electron-transfer chemiluminescence. Electron-transfer chemiluminescence has been investigated extensively as elctro-generated chemiluminescence (ECL). Using ECL technique significant progreas has been made in recent years toward the understanding of chemiexcitation by electron transfer. A third general area of recent progress has been the confirmation of chemically initated electron-exchange luminescence(CIEEL) as a general mechanism for the general chemical formation of light.In this review we have introduced the classification of chemiluminescent organic reactions, examined the general requirements for a reaction to be chemiluminescent, presented the three important generalized mechanisms of chemiluminescence in solution, and finally enumerated some important chemiluminescent systems.