Spiraling spectra of geodesic lines in negatively curved manifolds

Given a negatively curved geodesic metric space M, we study the asymptotic penetration behaviour of geodesic lines of M in small neighbourhoods of closed geodesics and of other compact convex subsets of M. We define a spiraling spectrum which gives precise information on the asymptotic spiraling lengths of geodesic lines around these objects. We prove analogs of the theorems of Dirichlet, Hall and Cusick in this context. As a consequence, we obtain Diophantine approximation results of elements of ${\mathbb{R},\mathbb{C}}$ or the Heisenberg group by quadratic irrational ones.