供应中断下最优分配和应急采购策略的比较

最优分配采购策略和应急采购策略被广泛应用于供应中断风险管理中,基于最优分配采购策略和应急采购策略,研究了由两个制造商与两个零售商组成的两级供应链在供应中断下的订购和生产决策问题,给出了最优订购和最优生产策略.通过数值例子就可靠性如何影响制造商的最优价格和利润进行了比较.结果表明:随着可靠性的增加,两个制造商的最优价格呈递减态势,且制造商A的递减幅度小于制造商B的递减幅度;当可靠性低于0.3时,制造商A的最优价格低于制造商B的最优价格,当可靠性高于0.3时,制造商A的最优价格高于制造商B的最优价格.随着可靠性的增加,制造商A的利润呈递减态势,制造商B的利润呈递增态势;当可靠性低于0.8时,制造商A的利润高于制造商B的利润,当可靠性低高于0.8时,制造商A利润低于制造商B的利润.

The Comparison of Optimal Allocation Procurement and Emergency Procurement Strategies under Supply Disruption

Abstract Optimal allocation procurement and emergency procurement are widely used for managing supply disruption risk.Based on optimal allocation procurement and emergency procurement,this paper studied the problem of the optimal order and production decisions of the supply chain,which consists of two manufacturers and two retailers of two-echelon supply chain under disruption and gave the optimal order and production procurement.By a numerical example,the effect of the reliability on the optimal prices and profits of the manufacturer were compared.We find that the optimal prices of two manufacturers de-crease with the increase of reliability,and manufacturer A decreasing amplitude is less than the manufacturer B .The optimal prices of the manufacturer A are less than those of the manufacturer B when the reliability is under 0.3.But the optimal prices of the manufacturer A are more than those of the manufacturer B when the reliability is over 0.3.The profit of the manufactur-er A decreases with the increase of reliability,while the profit of the manufacturer B increases with the increase of reliability. The profit of the manufacturer A is more than that of the manufacturer B when the reliability is under 0.8.But the profit of the manufacturer A is less than that of the manufacturer B when the reliability is over 0.8.