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An involution on increasing trees
Authors:Shao-Hua Liu
Abstract:We introduce a method to construct bijections on increasing trees. Using this method, we construct an involution on increasing trees, from which we obtain the equidistribution of the statistics ‘number of odd vertices’ and ‘number of even vertices at odd levels’. As an application, we deduce that the expected value of the number of even vertices is twice the expected value of the number of odd vertices in a random recursive tree of given size.
Keywords:Increasing tree  Random recursive tree  Involution  Bijection  Degree  Level
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