中国西北地区沙尘暴的发生规律研究

借助MATLAB软件,根据中国西北地区六个省份1981～2005年沙尘暴发生天数、月平均风速、大风发生天数、月平均气温、月降水量、月平均相对湿度的统计数据,研究中国西北地区沙尘暴的区域分布和时间分布规律及其与气象因子的关系.方差分析结果表明:西北地区沙尘暴危害程度省份差异不显著,不同观测站所在地沙尘暴危害程度的差异显著,不同月份沙尘暴危害程度的差异也显著;聚类分析结果表明:拐子湖等站点所在地受沙尘暴危害最严重,各年4月份受沙尘暴危害最严重,北京地区8月份几乎不发生沙尘暴;相关分析结果表明:西北地区沙尘暴的气候影响因子为月平均风速、月大风发生天数和月相对湿度.由回归分析得到,沙尘暴每月发生天数y随月份t的变化规律为正态分布.研究结果可供有关部门参考.

Analysis on Occurrence Regularity of Sand-dust Storms in Northwest of China

This paper studies the region and time distribution regularities of the sand-dust storm in northwest of China as well as the relationship between them and meteorological factors according to the statistical data in terms of the sand-dust storm occurrence days,the average monthly wind speed,the days of high winds,monthly average temperature,monthly precipitation and monthly average relative humidity in six northwestern provinces of China between 1981 and 2005 by virtue of MATLAB.The results of variance analysis suggest that difference of risk degree of sand-dust storm among six northwest provinces is slight,but the differences between the observation stations are obvious,so are in different months.By cluster analysis it can be concluded that the station,Guaizi Lake,suffers from the severest sand-dust storm.Also,it is at the worst in April from 1981 to 2005.However,there are almost no sandstorm in Peking in August,2008.It can be found that the weather influential factors of sand-dust storm in northwest of China are monthly average wind speed,the days of high winds and monthly average relative humidity by correlation analysis.And in each year,the days of sand-dust storm about month are all the approximate normal distribution.The research may be a useful reference for some relevant sectors.