Fuzzy-theoretic and concept-formational approaches to hint-effect experiments in human decision processes

This paper describes the results of hint-effect experiments, and analyses the human decision-making process from fuzzy-theoretic and concept-formational viewpoints. To begin with, we discuss the problem of the decision-making process subject to a specific and newly given information. In other words, the fuzzy-theoretic experiment concerning with some hints in the estimation and decision processes of the card arrangement is conducted. Next, the concept-formational process is analysed clearly by means of the introduction of both the cusp-curved surface in catastrophe theory and fuzziness concept in fuzzy set theory. Finally, we show the hint effect in the estimation and decision processes.