高端装备制造企业组织创新演化机制研究——基于混沌理论

以演化视角分析高端装备制造企业组织创新类型和创新演化过程,并基于种群竞争模型,构建企业组织创新演化模型,通过分析模型平衡点稳定性及其演化趋势,发现当创新演化初始点出现在进入鞍点轨线附近时,其微小变化将导致最终演化状态的巨大差别。应用Lyapunov指数法判定高端装备制造企业组织创新演化的混沌性,运用创新演化模型模拟企业组织创新混沌演化过程并分析创新混沌演化规律。研究结果表明:①渐进式创新和激进式创新之间较强的竞争效应是企业组织创新演化进入混沌的一般条件;②鞍点是企业组织创新混沌演化的转折点,在进入鞍点轨线的影响域中,创新演化轨道的断裂位置和跃迁方向敏感依赖于初始条件;③环境变化对激进式创新的压力会增强创新演化的混沌性。

Evolution Mechanism of Organizational Innovation of High-end Equipment Manufacturing Enterprises Based on Chaos Theory

Organizational innovation evolution is the process in which high-end equipment manufacturing enterprises keep the dynamic balance between radical innovation and incremental innovation to achieve the short-term success and maintain the long-term development. These two types of organizational innovation compete for scarce resources, and nonlinear interactions between them may lead organizational innovation evolution into chaos. From the evolution perspective, this paper analyzes the four types of organizational innovation, and the innovation evolution process in which high-end equipment manufacturing enterprises balance radical innovation and incremental innovation by means of the punctuated equilibrium and the organizational ambidexterity. Then based on the population competition model, it builds the mathematical model of organizational innovation evolution of high-end equipment manufacturing enterprises, analyzes the stabilities and the evolution trends of three equilibrium points of the model, and finds that when the initial point of organizational innovation evolution appears near the trajectories into the saddle point, its small changes will lead great differences to the final evolution state of organizational innovation. The Lyapunov exponent method is used to identify the chaotic property of organizational innovation evolution of high-end equipment manufacturing enterprises. The mathematical model of organizational innovation evolution is used to simulate the chaotic evolution process of organizational innovation.Chaotic evolution rules of organizational innovation of high-end equipment manufacturing enterprises are analyzed. The main conclusions are drawn as follows: Firstly, the stronger competitive effect between radical innovation and incremental innovation is the general condition for the organizational innovation evolution of high-end equipment manufacturing enterprises to enter into chaos. Secondly, the saddle point is the turning point of organizational innovation evolution, and trajectories entering the saddle point are highly sensitive. In their influencing area, the fracture location and the transition direction of the evolution trajectory of organizational innovation are sensitive to initial conditions. The change of the saddle point is closely related to competitive abilities of radical innovation and incremental innovation and innovation resources of high-end equipment manufacturing enterprises. Thirdly, the pressure of environmental changes on radical innovation enhances the chaos of the innovation system. When the environmental pressure is relatively low, the innovation evolution has two local stable equilibrium points. However, whenradical innovation is under great environmental pressure, its evolution state depends on initial conditions. Due to the complex competitive relationship between radical innovation and incremental innovation, incremental innovation evolution also enters into chaos. The local stable equilibrium points of innovation evolution are no longer stable. Although they still attract innovation evolution trajectories, the evolution states are uncertain.