考虑低碳偏好及碳减排的闭环供应链回收及专利授权策略

研究考虑消费者低碳偏好的闭环供应链回收、碳减排与专利授权决策问题。分别构建制造商回收再制造、零售商回收再制造支付固定专利费、零售商回收再制造支付单位专利费的闭环供应链模型,分析低碳消费者比例、普通消费者对再制品的接受程度及碳权交易价格,对企业回收、碳减排及定价决策的影响,并比较了三种模式下企业及供应链的利润。研究表明:随着市场中低碳消费者比例及普通消费者对再制品接受程度的提高,总会使得回收率及碳减排率增加;碳权交易价格的提高,也会促使制造商提高碳减排率;对制造商来说,其利润在零售商回收再制造且支付固定专利费用下实现最优。从自身利润最优的角度出发,作为领导者的制造商将总是选择零售商回收再制造且支付固定专利费用模式。

Recovery and Patent Authorization Strategy for Closed-loop Supply Chain Considering Low Carbon Preference and Carbon Emission Reduction

The issues of closed-loop supply chain (CLSC) recovery, carbon emission reduction and patent authorization decision considering consumers' low carbon preference are studied in this paper. The CLSC models of manufacturer recycling and remanufacturing, retailer recycling and remanufacturing with fixed technology authorization fees and retailer recycling and remanufacturing with unit technology authorization fee are constructed respectively. The influence of the proportion of low-carbon consumers, ordinary consumers' acceptance for remanufactured products and carbon trading price on recycling strategies, carbon emission reduction and pricing decisions are analyzed. The profits of enterprises and CLSC under the three models are compared. It shows that with the increase of the proportion of low-carbon consumers and the acceptance of remanufactured products by ordinary consumers, the recovery rate and the carbon emission reduction rate of manufacturer will always increase. At the same time, the increase of carbon trading price will also promote carbon emission reduction. For the manufacturer, when the retailer remanufactures and pays fixed technology authorization fees, the manufacturer's profit is optimal. From this point of view, as a leader, the manufacturer will always choose the mode of retailer recycling and remanufacturing with fixed patent fees.