低碳双渠道供应链的需求信息共享策略研究

在需求不确定环境下,研究考虑消费者低碳意识的双渠道供应链的需求信息共享策略。论文考虑由单个零售商和单个进行碳减排的制造商构成的两级双渠道供应链,构建三种情形的模型:信息不共享、信息共享和只有零售商作预测。通过三种情形下供应链中成员最优决策和利润的比较,得到需求信息共享策略对供应链的影响;并进一步研究消费者低碳意识等参数对供应链运营的影响。研究发现,需求信息共享未必使得供应链成员利润均提高,当制造商预测准确度优于零售商时,零售商会选择信息共享,制造商选择信息不共享情形;当零售商比制造商预测准确时,零售商会选择信息不共享的情形,而制造商会选择仅有零售商预测,此时制造商应采取一定的激励措施以获得零售商的预测信息;消费者低碳意识对批发价、零售价、单位产品减排量、供应链成员利润均产生正向影响。

Research on Demand Information Sharing Strategies inLow Carbon Dual-channel Supply Chain

Under the demand uncertainty environment, we study the demand information sharing strategy in a dual-channel supply chain considering the consumer’s low carbon awareness. The supply chain consists of a retailer and a manufacturer which opens a direct channel and reduces the carbon emission. And we study it under three different cases: no information sharing case, information sharing case and retailer-only forecast case. Comparing the optimal decisions and the profits under the three cases, we can obtain the effects of the demand information sharing and consumer’s low carbon awareness on the supply chain. We find that the demand information sharing cannot always improve the members’ profits: when the forecast accuracy of the manufacturer is higher than that of the retailer, the retailer will choose information sharing case and the manufacturer will choose no information sharing case; otherwise, the retailer will choose no information sharing case and the manufacturer is willing to choose retailer-only forecast case and take incentives for the retailer to get the forecast information. There are positive relationships between consumer’s low carbon awareness and the wholesale price, the retail prices, the carbon emission reduction of unit product and both members’ profits.