装备制造业环境技术创新效率及其影响因素研究——基于DEA-Malmquist和Tobit的实证分析

运用2005~2011年中国装备制造业的面板数据,采用熵值法测度中国装备制造业的环境污染指数,应用DEA-Malmquist方法在考虑环境污染和能源消耗问题的基础上测度中国各类装备制造业环境技术创新效率,应用Tobit回归分析法对影响中国装备制造业环境技术创新效率的因素进行分析。研究结果表明:中国装备制造业的环境污染指数呈现下降—上升—下降的趋势;中国装备制造业的总体环境技术创新效率呈现先上升再下降的趋势,技术效率持续上升,技术退步是导致环境技术创新效率后期下降的原因;市场竞争、资本深化和外资引进对环境技术创新效率的提升具有显著的推动作用。

Research on the Efficiency and Influencing Factors of Environmental Technology Innovation of Equipment Manufacturing Industries

This paper uses entropy method to measure the environmental pollution index of Chinese equipment manufacturing industries in 2005~2011. Considering the issue of environmental pollution and energy consumption, the paper uses DEA-Malmquist method to measure the efficiency of environmental technology innovation of Chinese equipment manufacturing industries in 2005~2011, and uses Tobit regression analysis to analyze the influencing factors of the efficiency of environmental technology innovation. The results show that the environmental pollution index shows a fall-rise-fall trend, the efficiency of overall environmental technology innovation of Chinese equipment manufacturing industries firstrises and then falls, technical efficiency continues to rise, technology degeneration is the reason of the fall of the efficiency of environmental technology innovation, and market competition, capital deepening and foreign capital introduction have significant positive effects on the efficiency of environmental technology innovation.