双瓶颈路段家庭出行者早高峰出行问题研究

针对一次连续出行中两个路段各存在一个瓶颈的双瓶颈路段,研究了家庭出行者早高峰期间先后经过双瓶颈到达学校和工作地的出行行为。首先建立了无收费下的用户均衡模型,接着考虑了拥挤收费模型,并就学校工作地开始时间差值大小的不同展开讨论,分析得出对应系统总出行成本最优时的收费值和收费时窗。研究发现收费管理能够有效降低系统总成本,并且学校和工作地开始时间差较小时的系统总成本更低,最后,通过数值算例验证了高峰时长保持不变,且得出了使得系统出行成本最优时的收费方案。

Research on Morning Commute Problem for Household Travels in Bottlenecks

For the double bottlenecks traffic network containing one bottleneck in both of the two consecutive road part, the travel behavior of the household which needs to go through double bottlenecks to reach two destinations: the school and then the company are investigated. This paper firstly proposes the user equilibrium model under no-toll situation. Then, we study the congestion charge model, and according to the discussion on the difference of starting time between school and work, the optimal toll scheme and charging time window that minimize the system total cost are obtained. We find that congestion charge can effectively reduce the system cost, and that a lower system cost can be obtained when the difference between the two desired arrival times is small. Finally, the numerical results verify that the peak time length remains unchanged, and achieve the charging plan based on which the system cost is optimal.