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基于供应方生产能力的应急物资生产模型
引用本文:扈衷权,田军,冯耕中.基于供应方生产能力的应急物资生产模型[J].运筹与管理,2019,28(4):100-108.
作者姓名:扈衷权  田军  冯耕中
作者单位:西安交通大学 管理学院,陕西 西安 710049
基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目(71171157政府应急管理能力成熟度评估研究);国家自然科学基金重大项目(71390331促进经济、社会和环境协调发展的物流创新)
摘    要:利用期权契约所建立的政企合作储备应急物资模式能够有效解决政府单独储备模式所造成的物资储备量过少或过多而引起的困境。然而由于应急物资的需求特性,若应急物资供应企业采用按单生产方式安排生产储备计划,势必会造成库存水平升高,引发资金周转困难等问题,对政企之间的长期合作造成不利影响。基于此,本文设计了基于供应方生产能力的应急物资生产模型。该模型在政府利用批发价格契约与期权契约采购应急物资的基础上,研究了供应方根据自身生产能力进行柔性生产时的生产与储备问题。通过推导政企双方最优决策后,重点分析了期权权利金,执行价格,加急生产成本等参数对供应方生产决策的影响,并证明与按单生产模式相比,柔性生产模式可有效降低供应方的库存量与生产成本,提高其利润,继而提高整体供应链的利润水平,有助于促进政企之间长期稳定的合作。

关 键 词:应急物资生产  柔性生产  期权契约  供应链协调
收稿时间:2017-10-21

An Emergency Supplies Production Model Based on the Production Capacity of Suppliers
HU Zhong-quan,TIAN Jun,FENG Geng-zhong.An Emergency Supplies Production Model Based on the Production Capacity of Suppliers[J].Operations Research and Management Science,2019,28(4):100-108.
Authors:HU Zhong-quan  TIAN Jun  FENG Geng-zhong
Institution:School of Management, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
Abstract:The model of governments and enterprises cooperative reserving emergency supplies by option contracts can effectively deal with the problem that the quantity of stored emergency supplies is too small or too much caused by governments reserving on their own. However, due to the particularity of emergency supplies, if suppliers make production and storage plan based on make-to-order, it will inevitably cause the improvement of the inventory level, leading to the short of turnover funding and so on, which has a detrimental effect on long-term cooperation between governments and suppliers. Therefore, this paper designs an emergency supplies production model based on the production capacity of suppliers. Based on the government using wholesale-price contracts and option contracts to procure emergency supplies, the supplier can make flexible production according to production capacity and the government’s procurement decisions. After deriving the optimal decisions of the government and supplier, the paper makes the key analysis of the relevant parameters, such as option price, exercise price, expedited production cost and so on, on the decisions of the supplier. What’s more, compared with make-to-order, the model proves that it can effectively reduce the stock level of the supplier, improve the profit and the overall supply chain profit, which helps promote long-term stable cooperation between the government and supplier.
Keywords:emergency supplies production  flexible production  option contract  supply chain coordination  
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