带有随机订货点的两阶段报童模型

销售商可通过二次订货以达到降低风险、增加利润的目的,然而在实际中由于生厂商供货能力不足等不可控因素,销售商往往无法确定何时能进行第二次订货。针对这种现象,本文研究二次订货时间不确定的报童问题,假设随机订货时间点和需求率均服从均匀分布,建立了带有随机订货点的两阶段报童模型,给出了两阶段最优期望总订货量,使得零售商在整个销售期内的期望利润达到最大值。最后通过数值算例,对比分析了本文的二次订购模型与传统一次订购模型,研究结果指出在整个销售期内二次订货可以提高零售商的期望利润。

A two-stage Newsvendor Model with Rando m Ordering Ti me

When selling products,the retailer often considers secondary orders to reduce risks and increase profits.However,in practice,due to uncontrollable factors such as insufficient supply capacity of the manufacturer,the retailer is often unable to determine when the second order can be made.In view of this phenomenon,a two-stage newsvendor model with random second ordering time is studied.This paper assumes that the random ordering time and demand rate are subject to uniform distribution,and establishes a newsvendor model considering the second order,and gives an analytical solution of the optimal order quantity in two stages,which makes the expected profit of the retailer reach the maximum in the whole sales cycle.Through a specific example,the secondary order model with random ordering time is compared with the traditional one-time newsvendor model.The numerical results find that throughout the sales period the second order can improve the retailer’s expected profit.